14 November 2025 | 13.45-14.45 UTC-3 | In-person

Regional Climate Foundations Pavillion, Blue Zone

Coal is the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel, responsible for 41% of global fossil fuel emissions. Despite the International Energy Agency’s Net Zero roadmap calling for no new unabated coal plants after 2021, production reached a record 9.15 billion tons in 2024. 

Momentum is building to end coal expansion: COP28 agreed to “transition away from fossil fuels” and COP29 launched the “Call to Action for No New Coal”. To align with the 1.5°C target, plants must be retired by 2030 in rich countries and by 2040 globally. 

The challenge is greatest in emerging markets and developing economies, which host some of the youngest coal plants. Southeast Asia is a key focus, where coal generates half of electricity and 80% of power sector emissions. 

This session will critically assess whether carbon credits have any role in financing earlier coal retirement, weighing potential opportunities against key risks, safeguards, and just transition principles. A moderated discussion will present research, foster dialogue, and conclude with audience participation.

Guiding panel discussion questions

• What are the barriers and opportunities related to the decarbonisation of the power sector in Southeast Asia?
• Can carbon credits provide credible and effective financing for the early retirement of coal power plants, and what are the advantages and risks of this approach?
• What other financial instruments and policy tools are necessary to ensure the timely retirement of coal power plants in Southeast Asia?

Agenda

• Welcome remarks. Isabelle de Lovinfosse (Tara Foundation) 13:45 – 13:50 
• Panel discussion. Juliette de Grandpre (New Climate Institute), Isa Mulder (Carbon Market Watch), Lambert Schneider (Oeko-Institute), Avriel de Torres (CEED) 13:50 – 14:20
• Question & Answers 14:20-14:40
• Closing remarks. Isabelle de Lovinfosse (Tara Foundation) 14:40 – 14:45